Marseille (in French: Marseille Marseille, and the origin of the Arabic word Italian: Marseille Marsiglia, of Alkstanih sender Marselha) second largest city in France after Paris, and the third largest city in terms of population after the city of Paris and the city of Lyon, located in the south of France on the Mediterranean coast , the most important seaport in France. With a population of 7,206,231 inhabitants (statistics 2007).
The city of Marseille. Have a semicircular shape. Extends to the inside of the port is not the smallest room for modern ships. And this port is filled with pleasure boats, and is surrounded by restaurants and cafes, the most important features of the city that attract tourists. And extends to the inside of the old port and Alcanpier,
a main street lined with modern shops, also from the monuments that attract tourists.
Founded Marseille in 600 BC about a year. M, adventurers Greeks from Asia Minor, which they called Mssalia. The independent city of Marseille until the first century BC, then came under the control of the Romans, and the deterioration of the same, then the city regained its importance in the Middle Ages during the Crusades. It has become
which is the region which is located in which part of Marseille in France in 1481 AD d bloody conflicts took place in Marseille in the late eighteenth century during the French Revolution. Open and save the Suez Canal in 1869, a water route between the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean, and increased the channel of the city's importance as a center for cargo ships.
City of Marseille occupies second place in terms of size between the cities of France, and comes after the capital, Paris. At the same time is the biggest port of Marseille, France, and one of the oldest cities in France that were not the oldest ever. And Marseille is the capital of the province (county) with the same name.
History
Marseille was founded by the Greeks adventurers, came from Asia Minor around the year 600 BC. M, and called Massalia Mssalia name on it. The city remained free and independent until the first century AD, when subjected to the control of Romanian and worsened their economic and social importance for the city was not ready and thrive only in the Middle Ages, especially in the period of the Crusades. In AD in 1481 became the territory of Provence Provence, which is located in which part of France. Increased importance of Marseille after the French occupation of Algeria in 1830, reinforced this importance after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 and that a shortcut navigational much to South-east Asia and east to the ports of East Africa and the Persian Gulf through the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea and Indian Ocean. And now is the rest of the cities such as Marseille, the French city of sophisticated and long awaited by greater prosperity in the future, especially with the increase or strengthening of relations between the Mediterranean countries under the Mediterranean Partnership, which founded on trade between the countries of the basin.
Marseille is located in south-eastern France on the north shore of the Mediterranean Sea and is called the beach which is located by the beach and cyan Côted'Azur degree view 1843 north of the equator. The city rises from sea level about 75 m, and overlooking the Gulf of Lyon sea.
Characterized the climate of the city as a Mediterranean model, where the average temperature of the summer, 22 m, the average temperature of winter is 19 o'clock, and the average annual temperature 13.8 C, but temperatures may exceed 30 m in the month of July and the world could fall to below zero in January, but that is rare. Rains in winter and the annual rate of 560 mm, and it rains in the summer, which has its share of the total annual rainfall of about 10% or more in some years. This change is consistent with the presence of remnants of evergreen forest in the vicinity of the city, which is made up of oak and pine trees and cypresses.
The area of the city 242 km 2, while the urban area of the compound posed Marseille (urban area or Metropolitan) metropolitan area is 830 km 2, which was called the Great Marseille.
Marseille had a population of 1.233 million people in 1990, and became 1.290 million in 2000, is expected to arrive in 2015 to 1.358 million people. Equivalent of the city's population accounted for 2.9% of the total population of France, and thus far from the capital Paris, which was home to 9.63 million people in 2000 and its share of the total population of France drew 21.57%.
General view of the city of Marseille
Marseille take the form of an arc around the old port to the port on the cruise boats, tourism, having built a modern port and trendy to the west at about 10 km. Located older parts of the city close to the Old Port, where there are historic buildings task, especially churches and cathedrals, such as: Cathedral Amajor Cathédrale de la Major of the twelfth century, the Church of Notre Dame Dolagard Notre-Dame-de-la-Garde of the eighteenth century, and historic buildings task can be said Ann City, which dates back to the seventeenth century, and abound, restaurants and cafes in the vicinity of the old port and frequented by large numbers of residents of the city, and tourists who visit Marseille, high density and in different seasons of the year, especially in the summer either in France or from the beyond. And at a distance not far from the old port and the center is home to modern city located where modern shops, banks, corporate headquarters, offices and administrative buildings and the various service.
The city's economy depends on transportation, trade, industry and tourism depend mainly. Femiina Marseille serves about a third of the movement of ships in ports all French, as enter more than 4500 ships annually come from around the world. The city's port talk of the largest ports of the world as a whole as it increases the amount of products and raw materials and goods unloaded it a year to 100 million tons, mostly of oil (three quarters), and in particular that the port serves in this area both from Germany and Switzerland through a tube with a capacity large, transfer a part from petroleum, which empties into the harbor in these two countries. To the north-east of the city's international airport is located Marinean Marignane and at a distance of 32 km. There are valid for navigation channel connecting the port city and the River Rhone, which flows in the Mediterranean Sea to the north-east of them.
Industry and flourish in the city and its region, offering many products including: oil refining (more than 20 million tons per year), shipbuilding, aircraft, chemicals and synthetics, plastics, machinery, foodstuffs, construction materials, medicines.
The administrative center of Marseille, scientifically and culturally significant geographical region: Rhone - Alps - Blue Coast.
